Under joint support of the Eugene Garfield Foundation of Philadelphia and Minot State University, a second International Behavioral Development Symposium was held in the Spring of 2000. For both papers and posters, the emphasis for all presentations was describing cutting edge research and theorizing in the area. Research based on studies of humans as well as other animals was presented.

PLENARY

Dr. Michael Bailey, Northwestern University, USA
Gender Nonconformity

PRENATAL SEX HORMONES

G. Dörner, W. Rohde, F. Gotz, and A. Plagemann, Institutes of Experimental Endocrinology and Medical Genetics
H. Peters and Z. Ghanaati, Humboldt University Medical School (Charite)
Genetic and Environmental Effects on Sexual Brain Organization Mediated by Sex Hormones

Sergio M. Pellis, University of Lethbridge
Rough Play and the Female Rat: A Non-Traditional Mechanism for the Regulation of a Supposedly Male-Typical Trait

Paul L. Vasey and James G. Pfaus, Concordia University
A Sexually Dimorphic Hypothalamic Nucleus in a Macaque Species with Frequent Female-Female Mounting

Dennis McFadden, University of Texas, Austin
What the Auditory System Can Tell Us about Prenatal Development and Sexual Differentiation in Humans

CORRELATES OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND GENDER IDENTITY

Edward Miller, University of New Orleans
Lee Ellis, Minot State University
Sex, Sexual Orientation and Occupational Preference

Anthony F. Bogaert,Brock University
Age of Puberty and Sexual Orientation in a National Probability Sample

Ray Blanchard, CAMH--Clarke Division
Lee Ellis, Minot State University
Birth Weight, Sexual Orientation, and the Sex of Preceding Siblings

Richard A. Lippa, California State University, Fullerton
The Relation Between Sexual Orientation and Gender-Related Traits: Results of an internet Survey

Ritch C Savin-Williams, Cornell University
Sexual Identity Trajectories Among Sexual-Minority Youths: Sex Differences

GENETICS AND TWIN STUDIES

Valerie J. Grant, University of Auckland
Where Does it All Begin? Exploring the Possibility of Pre-Determination of Sex of Offspring

Lynn S. Hall, Brown University
Dermatoglyphics, Substance Use, and Depression: A Study of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Sexual Orientation

H. Harrington Cleveland, J. Richard Udry, and Kim Chantala, Carolina Population Center
An Examination of Environmental and Genetic Influences on Within-Sex Variation of Adolescent Gendered Behaviors

Khytam Dawood and J. Michael Bailey, Northwestern University
Nick Martin, Queensland Institute of Medical Research
Are Opposite-Sex Twins Sex-Atypical?

PRENATAL DRUG AND DISEASE EXPOSURE

Jane E. Robinson and Rachel A. Forsdike, The Babraham Institute
Prenatal Exposure of the Ovine Foetus to Androgens Sexually Differentiates the Gonadal Steroid Feedback Mechanisms that Control the Release of Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH)

Vincent P. Markowski, Salem State College
Satoru Sato and Elaine M. Hull, State University of New York, Buffalo
Low Level Prenatal TCDD Exposure Produces Transient Effects on Male Rat Sexual Behavior and Brain Monoamine Functions

Ester Fride, College of Judea and Samaria
Yoav Ginsburg, and Raphael Mechoulam, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Is the Cannabinoid System Critical for Newborn Development?

William A. LaRue, University of New Mexico
A Possible Role of Sexually Transmitted Disease in Homosexual Behavior

ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION ON GENDER-TYPICAL BEHAVIOR

Matthew S. Grober, Arizona State University
A Sexually Polymorphic Fish Provides Dramatic Parallels with Sexual Variation in Humans

Elizabeth Adkins-Regan, Cornell University
Alan Krakauer, University of California, Berkeley and
Juli Wade, Michigan State University
Development of Sexual Partner Preference in a Socially Monogamous, Pair-Bonding Animal, the Zebra Finch

C. E. Roselli and J.A. Resko, Oregon Health Sciences University
J. N. Stellflug, US Sheep Experiment Station Idaho
F. Stormshak, Oregon State University
Endocrine and Neurochemical Correlates of Sexual Partner Preference in Rams

Scott R. Wersinger, NIMH
Emilie F. Rissman, University of Virginia
The Role of the Estrogen Receptor Alpha in Sexual Behavior and Sexual Differentiation as Revealed by Studies in the Estrogen Receptor Alpha Knockout Mouse

Jay R. Feierman, University of New Mexico
Gender Ethology: Feminine Mannerisms as Signals of Sexual Receptivity

INTERSEX CLINICAL RESEARCH

H.F. L. Meyer-Bahlburg, C. Dolezal, S. W. Baker, A. Carlson, J. Obeid, M. Vogiatzi, and M. I. New, Cornell University Medical Center
Sexual and Psychosexual Differentiation in 46,XX Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (C-CAH)

William G. Reiner, Johns Hopkins Medical institutions
Androgen Exposure in Utero and the Development of Male Gender Identity in Genetic Males Reassigned Female at Birth

Milton Diamond and Linda A. Watson, University of Hawai`i
Identity, Orientation, and Gender-Typical Behaviors in individuals with Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome

Kenneth I. Glassberg, State University of New York
Intersex and the Pediatric Urologist

HANDEDNESS

Martin L. Lalumière, Ray Blanchard, and Kenneth J. Zucker, University of Toronto
Sexual Orientation and Handedness in Men and Women: A Meta-Analysis

Brian S. Mustanski, indiana University
J. Michael Bailey and Sarah Kaspar, Northwestern University
Dermatoglyphics, Handedness, Sex, and Sexual Orientation

Kenneth J. Zucker, Nicole Beaulieu, Gina Grimshaw, Susan J. Bradley, and Anne Wilcox, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health--Clarke Division
Left-Handedness is Over Represented in Boys with Gender Identity Disorder

DIGIT LENGTHS

John T. Manning and Simon J. Robinson, University of Liverpool
The Ratio of 2nd to 4th Digit Length and Male Homosexuality

U. Tan, BlackSea Technical University
M. Peters, K. Mackenzie and P. Bryden, University of Guelph
Sex Asymmetries in Relative index and Ring Finger Length in a Canadian an a Turkish Sample

Marc Breedlove, Terrance J. Williams, Michelle E. Pepitone, Scott E. Christensen, Bradley M. Cooke, Andrew D. Huberman, Nicholas J. Breedlove, Tessa J. Breedlove, and Cynthia L. Jordan, UC Berkeley
Finger Length Patterns, Sexual Orientation and Birth Order

PRENATAL STRESS

S. Kaiser, F.P.M. Kruijver, and D.F. Swaab, Netherlands Institute for Brain Research and
N. Sachser, University of Muenster
Prenatal Social Stress in Female Guinea Pigs: Effects on Behavior, Endocrine System and Distribution of Hypothalamic Sex Hormone Receptors

O. Byron Ward, Ingeborg L. Ward, and John H. Denning II, Villanova University
Jeffrey A. French and Shelton E. Hendricks, University of Nebraska
Failure in Behavioral Masculinization and the Neonatal Testosterone Surge in Male Rats Prenatally Exposed to Alcohol and/or to Stress

Michal Dubovicky, Ivana Skultetyova, and Daniela Jezova, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology SAS
Is the Rise in Plasma Corticosterone in Neonatally Stressed Rats involved in inducing Late Gender-Dependent Changes in Exploratory Behavior?

M. C. R. Del Cerro, C. P'erez-Laso, J. L. Rodriguez, M. L. Barona, E. Ortega, and S. Segovia, UNED
Environmental Prenatal Stress Effects on the Sexual Dimorphism of the Vomeronasal System and Maternal Behavior

Lee Ellis and Shirley Cole-Harding, Minot State University
The Effects of Prenatal Stress on Sexual Orientation in Humans and Its Possible Interaction with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

GENDER AND COGNITION

Takeshi Hatta, Terumasa Kogure, and Yasuhiro Itoh, Nagoya University
Ayako Kawakami, Naruto University of Education
Sex Difference in Interhemispheric interaction: Effects of Increasing Memory Load

N. V. Volf and O. M. Razoumnikova, Institute of Physiology of Siberian Branch of RAMS
Gender and Hemispheric Organization of Verbal Memory: Electrophysiological Analysis

Geoff Sanders, Marie Sjodin, and Marianne de Chastelaine, London Guildhall University
Patterns of Cognitive Performance and Functional Cerebral Asymmetry are Associated with High and Low Phases of the Diurnal Testosterone Cycle

Diane F. Halpern, California State University, San Bernardino
Uner Tan, and Meliha Tan, Black Sea Technical University
Stereotypes and Steroids: Using a Psychobiosocial Model to Understand Cognitive Sex Differences

BASIC BIOLOGY OF SEXUALITY

Brandi K. Ormerod and Liisa A. M. Galea, The University of British Columbia
Estradiol Regulates Cell Proliferation in the Dentate Gyrus of Adult Female Meadow Voles, Microtus Pennsylvanicus

P. Palanza, F. Morellini, and S. Parmigiani, University of Parma, F.S. vom Saal, University of Missouri and
E. Fuchs, German Primate Center
Estrogens in the Environment: Do They Interfere with the Development of Sex Differences in Behavior?

Hassan Habib Lopez and Aaron Ettenberg, University of California, Santa Barbara
Male Sexual Motivation: Dopaminergic Regulation of Primary Incentives and Sexual Reinforcement

Lori A. Brotto, Laura A. Hanson, and Boris B. Gorzalka, University of British Columbia
Serotonergic Activity and Reproductive Behaviour: Sex Differences in the Rat

Cheryl A. Frye, Sandra M. Petralia, and Madeline E. Rhodes, The University at Albany
Sex and Estrous Cycle Differences in Performance on Anxiety Tasks Coincide with Increases in Hippocampal Progesterone and 3a,5a-THP

GENDER-TYPICAL BEHAVIOR AND BRAIN FUNCTIONING

Linda Mealey, College of St Benedict
Roderick Whybird, University of Queensland
Sociosexuality and Sociosexual Signalling

Melissa Frederikse, UMDNJ and
Angela Lu, Patrick Barta, and Godfrey Pearlson, Johns Hopkins University
Sex Differences in the Inferior Parietal Lobule in Bipolar Disorder

Devendra Singh, University of Texas at Austin
Butch and Femme Lesbians: Behavioral, Morphological, and Hormonal Correlates

POSTER PRESENTATIONS

E. A. Amory and C. H. Kinsley, The University of Richmond
K. G. Lambert, Randolph-Macon College
Motherhood Induced Alterations in Female Brain and Behavior

Teresa C. Binstock, Independent Researcher
Mucosal and Epidermal Immunity in Sexual and Gender Orientations: A Hypothesis

James M. Cantor, Ray Blanchard, and Andrew D. Paterson, CAMH - Clarke Division and
Anthony F. Bogaert, Brock University
How Many Gay Men Owe Their Sexual Orientation To Fraternal Birth Order?

Meredith L. Chivers and J. Michael Bailey, Northwestern University
Genital and Subjective Sexual Arousal in Heterosexual, Bisexual and Lesbian Women

Kenneth M. Cohen, Cornell University
The Biology of Male Sexual Orientation: Relationship Among Homoeroticism, Childhood Sex-Atypical Behavior, and Spatial Ability

Ester Fride, College of Judea and
Samaria Shimon Ben Shabat, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Raphael Mechoulam, Hebrew University
Effects of Prenatal Delta 9-Tetrathydrocannabinol on Mother-Pup Interactions and CB1 Receptors

Z. Ghanaati, W. Rohde, R. Lindner, M. Ventz, and H. Peters, Humboldt University Medical School Charité
Endocrinological and Molecular Genetic Findings in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Diane F. Halpern, California State University, San Bernardino
Uner Tan and Meliha Tan, Black Sea Technical University
Menstrual Phase and Cognition: What Monthly Fluctuations in Hormone Levels Tell Us About Sex Differences in Cognition

Jill Hellberg, UNR
Seasonal Variation in Births By Sex, Region and Sexual Orientation

Melissa M. Holmes, Magda A. Piaseczna, and Liisa A. M. Galea, University of British Columbia and
Tracie A. Paine, Queen's University
Differential Effects of Estradiol on Learning: Facilitation in Striatal Learning and Disruption in Hippocampal and Amygdala Learning

Katharine B. Hoyenga and Kermit T. Hoyenga, Western Illinois University, Retired
James Schmidt and Gregory Feldman, Western Illinois University
Structural Relationships Between Cognitive and Personality Factors: Created by Evolution?

James V. Kohl, JVK Resources, inc.
Human Pheromones and Mammalian Behavior

F. P. M. Kruijver, C. W. Pool, M. A. Hofman, and D. F. Swaab, Netherlands Institute for Brain Research,
J. N. Zhou, The Anhui Geriatric Institute and
L. J. G. Gooren, Free University Hospital, The Netherlands
Male-To-Female Transsexuals Have Female Neuron Numbers in a Limbic Nucleus

Cheryl M. McCormick, Bates College
and
Cheryl A. Frye, SUNY Albany
Neuroprotective Effects of Androgens and Estrogen in Male and Female Rats

Linda Mealey, College of St Benedict
Human Testes Size, Sexual Dimorphism, and Mating System

Clare Miles and Melissa Hines, City University, London, England
Richard Green, Gender Identity Clinic, Charing Cross Hospital, London, England The Effects of Cross-Sex Hormones on Memory and Cognition in a Transsexual Population

Douglas Ashley Monks and Neil V. Watson, Simon Fraser University
Altered Sexual Receptivity in Female Rats with Genetic Partial Androgen Insensitivity

Paola Palanza, Laura Gioiosa, and Stefano Parmigiani, University of Parma
Social Context Differentially Affect Exploration and Anxiety in Male and Female House Mice

S. Rasmjou and O. Güntürkün, Ruhr University
Gender, But No Asymmetric Memory of Extrapersonal Space

Alicia Salvador, Jorge Ricarte, Raquel Costa, and Luis Moya-Albiol, University of Valencia
Causal Attribution and Hormonal, Cardiovascular, and Emotional Responses to a Competitive Task

Scott M. Strong and Devendra Singh, University of Texas at Austin
Biological and Psychosexual Variability in Gay Males as a Function of Childhood Gender Nonconformity

Meliha Tan and Uner Tan, BlackSea Technical University
Sex Difference in Susceptibility to Seizures in Rats: Importance of Estrous Cycle

Uner Tan, BlackSea Technical University
Prediction of Relative Index and Ring Finger Lengths by Serum Sex Hormone Levels in Men and Women

Dennis Werner, Univ. Fed. de Santa Catarina
Homosexuality and Hierarchy